Problems in Genitalia for Baby Boys and Girls
(Published 04/2024)
For Boys
Testes
- Normally, testicles are located at the base of the scrotum which is symmetrical.
- Testicular problems may develop later in life.
- In rare occasion, the testicles inside the scrotum may ascend to a higher position in later life. This may require surgical intervention.
- If there are any changes in testicular position, scrotal appearance or scrotal size in your baby, you should consult your family doctor.
Undescended testes
- In some boys, the testicles are not in the usual place at birth. In majority, no treatment is required as the testicles will move down to the base of the scrotum spontaneously in first few months of life.
- In some boys, their testicles remain high in position. This is called undescended testes. If this persists beyond 4 to 6 months of life, this may require further investigation and treatment.
Hydrocele
- A hydrocele is a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum. It is common in newborns.
- It appears as a painless swelling in the scrotum and may vary in size.
- Hydroceles often resolve on their own within the first year of life.
Inguinal hernia
- Inguinal hernia is a swelling at groin area or scrotum. It is more common in boys, particularly in premature infants.
- It occurs when a small portion of the intestine or abdominal tissue protrudes through the inguinal canal, a passageway in the groin area. The swelling may disappear when the intestines go back into the abdomen.
- A hernia has to be treated by surgery, so your baby needs assessment by a doctor.
- Complication may arise when the intestines cannot go back into the abdomen. Urgent medical consultation is needed when the groin swelling does not disappear and is associated with abdominal distension or vomiting or pain.
If there are any changes in testicular position, scrotal appearance or scrotal size in your baby, you should consult your family doctor.
For Girls
Vaginal tag
- It is the swollen hymen due to maternal hormone. It appears as a small smooth pink growth at vaginal area. It does not cause any discomforts or symptoms. It is self-limiting and does not require any treatment.
Breast enlargement
- Breast enlargement in newborns are common in both boys and girls. This is a result of maternal hormones and usually subsides spontaneously within a few weeks or months.
- However, if the breast enlargement is associated with redness, warmth or discharge, consult health professionals.
- If breast enlargement persists or appears after 6 months of age, you should bring your baby for medical consultation for any hormonal disturbances.
